| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*dod- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"become satiated, full | face="Times New Roman Star"íàñûùàòüñÿ, íàïîëíÿòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"tod- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tod|- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.j- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toz- | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tos- | face="Times New Roman Star"tos- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tod- | face="Times New Roman Star"túw|ran- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"to't- | face="Times New Roman Star"do't- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"doj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 483, EDT 451, ÝÑÒß 3, 251-252, Stachowski 227. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*topyk | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 knee cap 2 knee 3 ankle-bone | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîëåííàÿ ÷àøå÷êà 2 êîëåíî 3 ëîäûæêà | face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"topyq 3 (MK), 1 (KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"topuk 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) topuq (Houts., AH) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"to.piq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"to:q 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuG 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tomyx 1, 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuk 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dowuq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to'puq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq, tomuq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 1, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tubyq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"topuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tobyq 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tobuq 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 437-8, Ëåêñèêà 286, Stachowski 224. Both Ra"sa"nen and Clauson derive this word from PT *top 'pellet, round thing', but this is not likely because of external evidence. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tabyl/gan | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hare | face="Times New Roman Star"çàÿö | face="Times New Roman Star"tabys?g|an (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tavys?g|an (MK, IM), tavs?an (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tawus?qan (Sangl., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.s?qan | face="Times New Roman Star"tos?qan | face="Times New Roman Star"to:sqan | face="Times New Roman Star"dows?an | face="Times New Roman Star"tows?an |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dovus?g|an |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tabysxan |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an | face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an | face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an | face="Times New Roman Star"to:s?en (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"taws?an | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 453, EDT 447, Ùåðáàê 1961, 136, Ëåêñèêà 164. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*do"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to pour out | face="Times New Roman Star"ëèòü, ñûïàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"do"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"do"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k-, tek- | face="Times New Roman Star"túw|k- | face="Times New Roman Star"tox- | face="Times New Roman Star"tok- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"'k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"'k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"do"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"'- (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"k- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 492-493, EDT 477, ÝÑÒß 3, 273-274, Stachowski 225. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*to":r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"honorary place in the house | face="Times New Roman Star"ïî÷åòíîå ìåñòî â þðòå | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r (KB), to"re (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"do"r (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r (Pav. C.), to"re (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"(r) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r, tu"ri | face="Times New Roman Star"do"r (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to":r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"do"r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"to"r |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"r | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 494, EDT 528-529, TMN 2, 607, Ëåêñèêà 514. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*do":l/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"breast | face="Times New Roman Star"ãðóäü | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? (MK, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? (Pav. C., MKypch. - CCum., AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"do":s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"l-l@k 'ñóïîíü' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"o"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"o"s | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?, Todzh. do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"s? | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, TMN 2, 615, EDT 558, ÝÑÒß 3, 286-287, Åãîðîâ 326, Ëåêñèêà 271-272, Stachowski 235. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*do"l/e- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to spread out (as mat) 2 mat, mattress | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàññòèëàòü (öèíîâêó) 2 öèíîâêà, ïîäñòèëêà, òþôÿê | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?e- 1, to"s?ek 2, (?) to"let 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?e- 1, to"s?ek 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s?e- 1, do"s?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?@- 1, tu"s?@k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?e- 1, to"s?ek 2 (Sangl., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to.s?ak 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?a"k, c?u"s?a"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"sek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s?a"- 1, do"s?a"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?e- 1, du"s?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"ze- 1, to"zek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z?e- 1, to"z?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z?o"- 1, to"z?o"k 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z?ek 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"do"z?e- 1, do"z?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"'he-n- 1, to"'hek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?o"- 1, to"s?o"k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"so"- 1 (R) | face="Times New Roman Star"to"se- 1, to"sek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?@- 1, tu"s?@k 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"do"s?e- 1, do"s?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?e- 1, to"s?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"se- 1, to"sek 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"s?ek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 494, 561, 563, VEWT 495, TMN 2, 617, ÝÑÒß 3, 333-335. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*duj- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to perceive (by ears or nose), notice | face="Times New Roman Star"ñëûøàòü, ÷óÿòü, çàìå÷àòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"duj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"duj- | face="Times New Roman Star"duj- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tuj-, refl. tojún- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"toj- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"duj- | face="Times New Roman Star"duj-, tuj- | face="Times New Roman Star"tuj- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 497, EDT 567, ÝÑÒß 3, 290-291, Àøì. XIV, 92-94, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 241. Chuv. may be < Tatar. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tubn/a-k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hoof | face="Times New Roman Star"êîïûòî |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tujag| (MK), tujnaq (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"dujnak | face="Times New Roman Star"tojaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tuwaq (Sangl., Abush.), (MKypch.) tujaq (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"tujo|q | face="Times New Roman Star"tuwaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujag|, tyjyg| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tojnaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujg|ax | face="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujg|aq |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tuj ax | face="Times New Roman Star"tun/ak | face="Times New Roman Star"dujug| | face="Times New Roman Star"dujug| (Ðàñ. ÔèË), tujug| | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tojaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq, dojnaq (< Turkm.) | face="Times New Roman Star"c'ynag| (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"tujaq | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 499-500, EDT 519, Ëåêñèêà 147, Stachowski 230. Chag., Uygh. tuwaq point to a labial *-b- in the stem, while Yak. -j- and -j- in other languages - to *-n/-: these reflexes can only be reconciled if we accept a cluster like *-bn/- in the protoform (perhaps a contraction < *tupi-nak or sim.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tul(g)un| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 temple 2 plait | face="Times New Roman Star"1 âèñîê, 2 êîñà | face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| (OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tulun|/n 1 (MK), tulun (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tulun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tolym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tulg|um 1 (Vam.), (MKypch.) tulum 2 (CCum., Houts.), tulun| 1 (AH_ |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tulyn 2 (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"duluq 'cheek' (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tulun| 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"túlúm 'a tuft of wool left after shearing sheep' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tulum 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tulym | face="Times New Roman Star"tulym | face="Times New Roman Star"tolom 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tulym |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tulum 1 (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 498, EDT 501, ÄÒÑ 585, Ëåêñèêà 203-204. The Turkm. form is not quite clear: it has an aberrant (although semantically not very remote) meaning, suffix and voiced d-. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tu"ke- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to come to an end | face="Times New Roman Star"êîí÷àòüñÿ, èñòîùàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ke- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ke- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ken- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"gen- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ken- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuga-, tugan- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gu"- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ke- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ka"n- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ken- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gel- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gen- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gen- | face="Times New Roman Star"tiken- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ksu", tu"gu"su" 'enough, completely' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"go"n- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ges- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gen- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ken- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gen-, tigen- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gen- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 504, EDT 479, 484. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*Tu"men | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ten thousand; very much | face="Times New Roman Star"äåñÿòü òûñÿ÷; î÷åíü ìíîãî | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men (MK, KB), (Kypch. 14 cent.) du"men | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men | face="Times New Roman Star"to"me|n | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuman | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ma"n | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">men (ßÆÓ) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men (arch.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ma"n |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"mo"n |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"men, kimen, timen |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 504, EDT 507-508, Ëåêñèêà 574-575. In general we agree with Doerfer's arguments (TMN 2, 632-642: the Turkic word is the source of Persian tu:ma:n '10000', not vice versa, although in some cases the word was borrowed back into Turkic (in particular: Az. tu"ma"n, Khal. tima"n 'a Persian coin', KBalk., Kum. tu"men '10 roubles'); the Tokharian word, whose IE source is highly dubious, is most probably < Turkic; a Chinese source is extremely dubious). Turk. > Mong. tu"men (see TMN 2, 641, Ùåðáàê 1997, 160), whence Evk. tumen etc., see Doerfer MT 78. Weak evidence of initial voice (*d- should be expected in PT) may be due to later cultural interborrowing. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*du":p | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bottom; root | face="Times New Roman Star"äíî; îñíîâàíèå; êîðåíü | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dip | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"b (Pav. C.), tu"p (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tub | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p, top | face="Times New Roman Star"dib | face="Times New Roman Star"du":p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"t@p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gex (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gek (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"du"p | face="Times New Roman Star"du"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dip | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tub | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 434-435, VEWT 505, ÝÑÒß 3, 317-319, TMN 2, 652-654 ( > Mong. tu"b, to"b), Ëåêñèêà 108-109, Stachowski 234. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*du"l/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to fall, move down | face="Times New Roman Star"ïàäàòü, äâèãàòüñÿ âíèç | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- (Áîð. Áàä., Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tus?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"du"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s?- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tus?- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 560, VEWT 507, ÝÑÒß 3, 330-333, Stachowski 235. Turk. (Bulg.) > Hung. do?l (MNyTESz 1, 668-669). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tu"t-u"n, *tu"t-su"g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to smoke 2 smoke | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äûìèòü 2 äûì | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"t(e)-1, tu"tu"n, tu"tsu"g 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"t(e)- 1 (KB), tu"te-t- caus. (1), tu"tu"n, tu"tsu"g 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"t- 1, tu"tu"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"ta"- 1, to"ten 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"tsi 2 (Sangl.), tu"tu"n 2 (MKypch. - Houts.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tutun 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"tu"n 'tobacco' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"t- 1, tutun 'tobacco' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"stu" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"te- 1, tu"sse 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"de- 1, tu"du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"titi- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"t@w|d@w|m 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"du"du"skek 'haze'; du"du"- 'to rot, mould' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"tu"- (ÔèË 177 du"du"-) 'to rot, mould' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"to"- 1, tu"tu"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"te- 1, tutin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"te- 1, tu"tin 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"ta"- 1, to"to"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"tu"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"t- 1, tu"tu"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"te- 1, tutun 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"te- 1, to"ten 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"cu"cyn, tyssy 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"tu"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"PT *tu"t-u"n, *tu"t-su"g - derivations from *tu"t(e)- 'to smoke'. See VEWT 507, EDT 452, 457-8, 461, TMN 2, 605, Ëåêñèêà 364-365. The Tuva-Tof. verb meaning 'to rot' may belong here as well, though the absence of pharyngealization in Tof. is strange. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*do"r/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to suffer, endure | face="Times New Roman Star"òåðïåòü, ïåðåíîñèòü, ñòðàäàòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"to"z- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"do"z- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z- (MA, Pav. C.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"do"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"do"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"zu"nu"k `patient' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"to"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"d|- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 3, 272-273, EDT 572. Turk. Bulg. > Hung. tu"r-, see Gombocz 1912, MNyTESz 3, 1014 (Chuv. tu"s- < Tat.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*du"r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"even, level | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðîâíûé 2 óïîðÿäî÷èâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z (Orkh., OUygh.) 1, tu"z- (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 1, tu"z- 2 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"du"z 1, du"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"z 1, to"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 1 (MA), tu"z- 2 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuz- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 1, tu"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"z 1, du"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"z 1, du"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s 1, tu"z-e-t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s 1, tu"z-e-t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"s 1, tu"ze- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"r@, to"r@ (NW) 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"du"s | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z-e- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"d|o"- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 1, tu"z-e-t- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"z 1, du"z- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z, tiz 1, tu"z-, tu"zu"- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"z 1, du"z-, du"ze-, tu"ze- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z, tiz 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"z 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"See ÝÑÒß 3, 309-312, VEWT 508, EDT 571, 572. The word is interacting with *dir/- 'to string, thread' (v. sub *c?i_u/r/u). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"fly v. | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåòåòü, ëåòàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (MK,KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"oc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?ux- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?uq- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?-, uc?g|ur- | face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/- | face="Times New Roman Star"uhun- 'float' | face="Times New Roman Star"uhun- 'float, swim' | face="Times New Roman Star"u's?- | face="Times New Roman Star"u's?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"os- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"us?- | face="Times New Roman Star"uc?- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 509, EDT 19, ÝÑÒß 1, 612-613, Stachowski 241. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ob- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to crush, mince, grind | face="Times New Roman Star"äàâèòü, êðîøèòü, ìîëîòü, èçìåëü÷àòü |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uv- (ov-) (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ov-, og|- | face="Times New Roman Star"u(w)- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uva- | face="Times New Roman Star"ug|- | face="Times New Roman Star"ov- | face="Times New Roman Star"ov- | face="Times New Roman Star"ug|- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"hu_v- 'rub' | face="Times New Roman Star"úw|v- 'grind' | face="Times New Roman Star"ub-ax |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u:- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"yw- | face="Times New Roman Star"uw- | face="Times New Roman Star"u:- | face="Times New Roman Star"uw- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"uw- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 510, ÝÑÒß 1, 401-403, 560-561, EDT 4-5. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*uja | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"nest | face="Times New Roman Star"ãíåçäî | face="Times New Roman Star"uja (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uja (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa | face="Times New Roman Star"oja | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa, uja (AH, Ettuhf.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uwa, uga | face="Times New Roman Star"uja, oja 'egg' | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"júw|va | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"oja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"juwa | face="Times New Roman Star"juwa, uja | face="Times New Roman Star"uja |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uja | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, EDT 267, ÝÑÒß 4, 239, Åãîðîâ 73, Stachowski 242. |
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